Procedures we cover

Our procedures

When you’ve been a member of Benenden Health for six months or more you can ask for our help with a range of procedures.

How does it work?

How do I request this service?

When you’ve been a member of Benenden Health for six months or more you can ask for our help with a range of procedures.

Before you call us, please ensure you've followed the correct process to ensure your request can be handled quickly.

Requesting our services

If you're happy this criteria has been met (GP referral and CCSD code have been received) please call our member services team on 0800 414 8100 who'll be happy to help.

How does it work?

We’re a member owned organisation so that means we do things a little differently to traditional health insurance providers.

Our services are offered on a discretionary basis - therefore although a procedure is listed, this does not constitute a guarantee that we will provide the procedure in every circumstance
The provision of any treatment is subject to our authorisation and clinical approval by the approved hospital who will provide the procedure you require
We can change which procedures we will offer from time to time and may do so without providing prior notice. This may include adding or removing procedures
We cannot fund any item on the list if you - make arrangements before obtaining our authorisation or at a hospital we do not authorise you to use
Not all procedures are available at every approved hospitals within our network. In some cases additional travel to another facility may be required
We cannot enter into any discussion about the composition of our procedure list with members, GPs, Consultants or any other person or medical professional

Our procedure list is correct as of: 14th August 2019

Click on a procedure type to see what's included

ENT
General Surgery
Gynaecology
Ophthalmology
Orthopaedic
Urology

ENT - surgical specialists who diagnose, evaluate and manage a wide range of diseases of the head and neck, including the ear, nose and throat.

D1420
Myringoplasty
D1510
Myringotomy and insertion of tube through tympanic membrane (bilateral)
D1520
Suction clearance of middle ear (as sole procedure)
D1530
Myringotomy (and bilateral)
D2030
Removal of ventilation tube (removal of grommets)
D2822
Examination of ear under general anaesthetic (as sole procedure)
E0230
Septorhinoplasty +/- graft/implant following trauma or excision of tumour (including attention to turbinates)
E0310
Submucous resection of nasal septum
E0340
Closure of perforation of septum of nose
E0360
Septoplasty of nose
E0380
Nasal septum cauterisation (and bilateral)
E0390
Extracorporeal septoplasty
E0412
Reduction turbinates of nose (laser, diathermy, out fracture etc)
E0420
Reduction of turbinates of nose (trim and radical excision)
E0440
Division of adhesions of turbinate of nose (and bilateral)
E0520
Ligation of artery of internal nose (including endoscopic, as sole procedure)
E0610
Packing of cavity of nose (as sole procedure)
E0820
Excision of lesion of internal nose
E0810
Polypectomy of internal nose (and bilateral, including endoscopic)
E1260
Image guided endoscopic frontal, sphenoid and/or ethmoid sinus surgery (FESS) and bilateral
E1310
Antral puncture and wash out (bilateral)
E1330
Intranasal antrostomy (including endoscopic and bilateral)
E1432
FESS: excision uncinate process and anterior ethmoid bulla, antrostomy/antral puncture, simple polypectomy and attention to turbinates (bilateral)
E1460
Trephining of frontal sinus and bilateral
E2010
Adenoidectomy
E4991
Therapeutic Panendoscopy +/- excision biopsy, excision or destruction of lesions
F3400
Tonsillectomy - child (and bilateral)
F3440
Tonsillectomy - adult (and bilateral)
F3480
Adeno-tonsillectomy (and bilateral)

General Surgery - is a surgical specialty that focuses on the abdomen, including stomach, small bowel, colon and gallbladder.

G1900
Rigid oesophagoscopy (including biopsy, laser or diathermy destruction of lesions)
G4440
Therapeutic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) with insertion percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy
G4410
Therapeutic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) with insertion of prothesis
G4430
Therapeutic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) with dilatation
G7900
Ileoscopy via stoma with therapy
G8083
Therapeutic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) and immediate colonoscopy includes forceps biopsies, biopsy test and dye spray (as sole procedure)
H2003
Therapeutic colonoscopy with snare loop biopsy or excision of lesion
H3580
Laparoscopic Rectopexy
H4130
Perianal excision of lesion of rectum (including sigmoidoscopy)
H4480
Dilation of stricture of rectum
H4430
Examination of rectum under anaesthetic (as sole procedure)
H4800
Excision lesion of anus
H4900
Destruction of lesion of anus
H4680
Repair of faecal fistula
H5100
Haemorrhoidectomy (including sigmoidoscopy)
H5230
Injection of sclerosing substance into haemorrhoids
H5240
Banding of Haemorrhoids
H5250
Circular Stapling Haemorrhoidectomy
H5400
Anorectal stretch including EUA and sigmoidoscopy
H5510
Laying open of low anal fistula (including sigmoidoscopy)
H5520
Laying open of high anal fistula (fistulotomy) (including sigmoidoscopy)
H5620
Lateral sphincterotomy of anus
H5640
Excision of anal fissure
H5940
Excision of pilonidal sinus and suture/skin graft
H6020
Laying open of pilonidal sinus
J1800
Cholecystectomy
J1830
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
J1880
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with peri-operative cholangiogram
L7032
Haemorrhoidal Artery Ligation
L8510
Ligation/stripping of long or short saphenous vein (including local excision/multiple phlebectomy)
L8512
Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of single venous trunk +/- phlebectomies - unilateral
L8513
Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of single venous trunk +/- phlebectomies - bilateral
L8514
Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of more than one venous trunk +/- phlebectomies – unilateral
L8515
Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of more than one venous trunk +/- phlebectomies – bilateral
L8520
Ligation/stripping of long or short saphenous vein (including local excision/multiple phlebectomy) - bilateral
L8540
Radiofrequency ablation of more than one venous trunk +/- phlebectomies - unilateral
L8541
Radiofrequency ablation of more than one venous trunk +/- phlebectomies - bilateral
L8620
Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy of varicose veins - unilateral
L8621
Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy of varicose veins - bilateral
L8700
Ligation/stripping long/short saph veins (inc local excision/multiple phlebectomy)
S6400
Excision of nail bed (Zadek's) (including anaesthetic)
S7010
Wedge excision of evulsion of nail (inc chemical ablation of nail bed)
T1900
Simple excision of inguinal hernial sac (herniotomy) - unilateral
T1910
Simple excision of inguinal hernial sac (herniotomy) - bilateral
T2000
Inguinal hernia (unilateral)
T2002
Laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia unilateral
T2010
Inguinal hernia (bilateral)
T2012
Laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia - bilateral
T2100
Inguinal hernia (recurrent)
T2102
Lap Repair recurrent inguinal hernia - unilateral
T2110
Inguinal hernia (recurrent bilateral)
T2112
Laparoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernia - bilateral
T2200
Primary Repair of femoral hernia
T2300
Repair of recurrent femoral hernia
T2400
Repair umbilical hernia
T2500
Open repair of incisional or ventral hernia not requiring mesh
T2501
Open repair of incisional or ventral hernia requiring mesh
T2503
Laparoscopic repair of incisional or ventral hernia not requiring mesh
T2600
Repair of recurrent incisional hernia
T2720
Repair of ventral hernia requiring mesh
T2781
Repair of Epigastric Hernia
T4300
Laparoscopic adhesiolysis (including biopsy)

Gynaecology – is a speciality that focuses on conditions specific to women and girls, especially those affecting the reproductive system.

P0310
Excision of bartholin gland
P0320
Marsupialisation of Bartholin's cyst
P0600
Excision of lesion of vulva
P1300
Operation on female perineum
P1400
Incision of introitus of vagina
P1920
Excision of septum of vagina
P2210
Anterior +/- posterior colporrhaphy and amputation of cervix uteri (including primary repair of enterocele)
P2230
Posterior colporrhaphy
P2310
Anterior +/- posterior colporrhaphy (including primary repair of enterocele) (including cystoscopy)
P2340
Repair of enterocele (+/- posterior colporrhaphy)
P2380
Anterior +/- posterior colporrhaphy & vaginal hysterectomy (including primary repair enterocele)
P2420
Sacrocolpopexy
P2450
Sacrospinous fixation
P2932
Examination of vagina under anaesthetic (as sole procedure)
Q0230
Cauterisation of lesion of cervix uteri (+/- loop diathermy, colposcopy or polypectomy)
Q0330
Cone biopsy of cervix uteri and/or (+/- laser, colposcopy or polypectomy)
Q0340
Punch biopsy of cervix uteri
Q0740
Total abdominal hysterectomy (+/- oophorectomy) +/- ureterolysis
Q0750
Subtotal abdominal hysterectomy (+/- oophorectomy) +/- ureterolysis
Q0752
Robot assisted laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy (+/- oophorectomy)
Q0751
Laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy (+/- oophorectomy) +/- ureterolysis
Q0790
Laparoscopic total hysterectomy (+/- oophorectomy) +/- ureterolysis
Q0830
Vaginal hysterectomy with laparoscopic assistance +/- ureterolysis
Q0890
Vaginal hysterectomy including salpingo-oophorectomy (including laparoscopically assisted) +/- ureterolysis
Q0800
Vaginal hysterectomy without laparoscopic assistance
Q0930
Robot assisted laparoscopic myomectomy
Q0920
Myomectomy (including laparoscopically)
Q1030
Dilatation of cervix uteri and curettage of uterus (including polypectomy and diathermy of cervix)
Q1280
Introduction of a Mirena coil
Q1700
Therapeutic hysteroscopic operations on uterus (including endometrial ablation excluding microwave or radiofrequency ablation)
Q1701
Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis, +/-ureterolysis
Q1702
Microwave endometrial ablation (including hysteroscopy)
Q1802
Hysteroscopy with resection of fibroids
Q1800
Hysteroscopy (including biopsy, dilatation, +/- cauterisation, curettage and resection of polyp(s) +/- Mirena coil insertion)
Q2020
Endometrial biopsy or aspiration
Q2080
Ventro-suspension of uterus (including laparoscopic)
Q2081
Myolysis of uterine fibroids
Q2230
Laparoscopic oophorectomy and salpingectomy, +/- biopsy eg. omentum, peritoneum, lymph node (as sole procedure) – bilateral
Q3800
Laparoscopy and therapeutic procedures (including laser, diathermy and destruction e.g. endometriosis, adhesiolysis, tubal and ovarian surgery, +/-ureterolysis)
Q3900
Laparoscopy (including e.g. puncture of ovarian cysts, +/- biopsy, minor endometriosis, +/-ureterolysis)
Q4400
Ovarian cystectomy +/- omental biopsy (as sole procedure and including bilateral)
Q5180
Laparoscopic ovarian drilling

Ophthalmology – (Cataracts only) – is a speciality that focuses on disorders and diseases of the eye.

C7122
Phakoemulsification of cataract, with lens implant - unilateral (including topical or local anaesthetic)
C7340
Yag laser photodisruption of posterior capsule of lens (including laser capsulotomy) - unilateral **Please note this procedure is only available where Benenden Health has supported cataract treatment within 12 months of this procedure being required**
C7100
Extracapsular cataract extraction without implant - bilateral
C7110
Extracapsular cataract extraction without implant - unilateral
C7123
Phakoemulsification of cataract, without lens implant - unilateral (including topical or local anaesthetic)
C7124
Phakoemulsification of cataracts, without lens implant - bilateral (including topical or local anaesthetic)
C7125
Phakoemulsification of cataracts, with lens implant - bilateral (including topical or local anaesthetic)
C7180
Extracapsular cataract extraction with implant - unilateral
C7190
Extracapsular cataract extraction with implant - unilateral
C7341
Yag laser photodisruption of posterior capsule of lens (including laser capsulotomy) - bilateral. **Please note this procedure is only available where Benenden Health has supported cataract treatment within 12 months of this procedure being required**
C7510
Secondary insertion of lens implant
C7530
Removal of lens implant

Orthopaedic – is a speciality that diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions of the musculoskeletal system. This includes bones, joints, tendons, muscles and nerves.

A6030
Transection of peripheral nerve for neuroma
A6080
Neurectomy (major nerve)
A6180
Excision of lesion of major nerve
A6110
Excision of lesion of peripheral nerve (e.g. neurilemma)
A6300
Graft to peripheral nerve
A6400
Repair of peripheral nerve
A6510
Carpal tunnel release (open)
A6530
Carpal tunnel release (endoscopic)
A6570
Carpal tunnel release (endoscopic) - bilateral
A6580
Carpal tunnel release (open) - bilateral
A6600
Release of entrapment of deeply placed peripheral nerve
A6700
Release of entrapment of peripheral nerve
A6710
Cubital tunnel release (open) (without transposition)
A6711
Cubital tunnel release (open) bilateral (without transposition)
A6740
Cubital tunnel release (endoscopic) (without transposition)
A6750
Cubital tunnel release (endoscopic) bilateral (without transposition)
A6810
Neurolysis and transposition of peripheral nerve (excludes carpal tunnel release)
A6900
Revision of release of entrapment of peripheral nerve
A7310
Biopsy of peripheral nerve
T5202
Dupuytren's fasciectomy palm only
T5203
Dupuytren's fasciectomy single digit with prox interphalangeal joint
T5210
Dupuytren's fasciectomy multiple digits with proximal interphalangeal joints
T5222
Dupuytren's dermofasciectomy and graft, or for recurrent disease - single digit
T5223
Dupuytren's dermofasciectomy and graft, or for recurrent disease - multiple digits
T5230
Excision plantar fibroma
T5250
Endoscopic plantar fascia release
T5410
Dupuytren's subcutaneous fasciotomy
T5900
Excision of ganglion
T6000
Repeat excision of ganglion
T6213
Soft tissue operations in the region of the greater trochanter (trochanteric bursitis, snapping hip)
T6220
Excision of bursa
T6402
Tendon transfer of hand - single
T6450
Tenodesis of biceps tendon - sole procedure
T6460
Tendon transfer of toe -unilateral
T6461
Tendon transfer of toe - bilateral
T6462
Excision or partial excision of IP joint of lesser toe with tendon transfer
T6710
Primary repair of extensor of hand
T6720
Tendo Achilles lengthening percutaneous
T6722
Tendo achilles lengthening primary open
T6723
Tendo achilles lengthening repeat procedure
T6762
Repair of tendon of foot - flexor
T6763
Repair of tendon of foot - extensor
T6770
Peroneal sling/groove reconstruction & replacement of dislocated peroneal tendons
T6780
Primary repair of Achilles tendon
T6782
Repair of distal biceps tendon
T6820
Secondary repair/reconstruction extensor hand/forearm
T6810
Secondary repair of Achilles tendon
T6910
Tenolysis of extensor
T6914
Tenolysis of extensor tendon of hand
T6980
Tenolysis, of flexor tendon (not otherwise specified)
T6982
Tenolysis of flexor tendon of hand
T7010
Percutaneous tenotomy
T7050
Lengthening of tendon or open tenotomy
T7110
Tenosynovectomy
T7231
Open release of constriction of sheath of tendon (e.g. trigger finger)
T7232
Percutaneous release of constriction of sheath of tendon (e.g. trigger finger)
T7440
Injection into cord for Dupuytren's Contracture (including post injection finger extension)
T7910
Open sub acromial decompression and extensive, greater than 2cm tear rotator cuff repair with excision of distal clavicle
T7915
Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair greater than 2cm (as sole procedure)
T7982
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression and limited, less than 2cm tear rotator cuff repair (including arthroscopic procedures in glenohumeral joint)
T8002
Minor release of muscle for pain or contracture (involving small joint)
T8050
Surgical release of humeral epicondylitis (e g Tennis Elbow)
T8100
Open biopsy of muscle or soft tissue lesion
W0321
Osteotomy/ies (eg Scarf and Akin) for Hallux Valgus correction with or without internal fixation and soft tissue correction
W0322
Osteotomy/ies (eg Scarf and Akin) for Hallux Valgus correction with or without internal fixation and soft tissue correction - bilateral
W0640
Total excision of sesamoid bone
W0700
Excision ectopic bone
W0850
Partial excision of bone inc exostosesPartial excision of bone inc exostoses
W0860
Metatarso-phalangeal cheilectomy - unilateral
W0861
Metatarso-phalangeal cheilectomy - bilateral
W1040
Osteotomy of small bone of foot (excluding hallux valgus and including internal fixation)
W1641
Osteotomy of small bone of hand (including fixation and bone grafting)
W1940
Primary open reduction of small bone with fixation, inc intra-articular
W2830
Removal of internal of fixation from bone/joint excluding k-wires
W3030
Removal of external fixation from bone
W3530
Removal of percutaneous wire
W3620
Open bone biopsy as sole procedure
W3622
Needle biopsy of bone as sole procedure
W3650
Diagnostic aspiration and/or trephine biopsy of bone marrow
W5710
Excision arthroplasty of first metatarso-phalangeal joint, (e.g Keller, Bonney-Kessel procedures) including cheilectomy
W5722
Excision reconstruction of small joint
W5930
Fusion of digit joint(s) of hand +/- graft & +/- internal fixation
W5940
Fusion of interphalangeal joint(s) of toe (including internal fixation)
W5980
Fusion of interphalangeal joint(s) of toe (including internal fixation) - bilateral
W6912
Total synovectomy of small joint
W6960
Needle biopsy of synovium
W7492
Arthroscopic lateral release
W7713
Stabilisation of multi-directional instability of shoulder joint
W7810
Open arthrolysis of shoulder contracture
W7872
Arthroscopic arthrolysis of shoulder contracture
W7900
Excision medial eminence 1st or 5th (bunionectomy)
W7910
Metatarsal osteotomy (eg Scarf) for Hallux valgus, +/- internal fixation and soft tissue correction
W7980
Metatarsal osteotomy (eg Scarf) for hallux valgus, +/- internal fixation and soft tissue correction-bilateral
W8100
Open excision of calcific deposit (e.g. shoulder, hip)
W8110
Arthroscopic excision of calcific deposits from shoulder
W8180
Arthrotomy of small joint including removal of loose body from joint
W8193
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression as sole procedure
W8194
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression and excision of distal clavicle
W8200
Arthroscopic meniscectomy of knee inc debridement
W8230
Arthroscopic meniscal repair
W8280
Arthroscopic meniscectomy inc debridement (bilateral)
W8300
Therapeutic arthroscopic op on articular cartilage (as sole procedure)
W8380
Therapeutic arthroscopic operation on artic cartilege bilateral (as sole proc)
W8500
Multiple arthroscopic operation on knee
W8520
Arthroscopy of knee inc EUA washout & biopsy (as sole procedure)
W8580
Multiple arthroscopic operation on knee (including meniscectomy, chondroplasty, drilling or microfracture) - bilateral
W8600
Therapeutic arthroscopic operation on cavity of joint (sole procedure)
W8602
Therapeutic arthroscopy of wrist joint (as sole procedure)
W8603
Therapeutic arthroscopy of shoulder as sole procedure
W8630
Simple therapeutic arthroscopy of ankle with soft tissue prc +/- or joint surface
W8640
Complex therapeutic arthroscopy of ankle with multiple bony, joint surface etc.
W8650
Therapeutic subtalar arthroscopy (including synovectomy to gain vision)
W8880
Arthroscopy of elbow (as sole procedure)
X0820
Partial amputation of digit

Urology – is a speciality that treats problems of the female urinary system and the male genitourinary tract. This includes disorders of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate and male reproductive organs.

M1400
Extracorporeal fragmentation of calculus of kidney (lithotripsy) - single treatment
M1000
Therapeutic endoscopic operations on kidney (include cystoscopy and retrograde catheterisation)
M1310
Percutaneous fine needle biopsy of lesion of kidney
M1360
Percutaneous insertion of nephrostomy tube
M1380
Percutaneous tru-cut needle biopsy of lesion of kidney
M2600
Therapeutic nephroscopic operations on ureter (including cystoscopy)
M2890
Push manipulation of stone prior to lithotripsy (as sole procedure)
M2920
Endoscopic insertion/removal of prosthesis into ureter (including bilateral and cystoscopy, +/- pyelography)
M2930
Endoscopic examination of ureter (+/- cystoscopy and insertion/removal of stent)
M3000
Endoscopic examination of ureter (+/- cystoscopy and insertion/removal of stent) +/- retrograde pyelography
M3010
Endoscopic retrograde pyelography
M3110
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy of calculus of ureter
M3202
Operations on ureteric orifice (including endoscopic)
M3510
Diverticulectomy of bladder
M3820
Cystostomy and insertion of suprapubic tube into bladder
M3880
Stab cystostomy
M4210
Endoscopic resection of lesion of bladder
M4230
Endoscopic destruction of lesion of bladder (including cystoscopy)
M4320
Endoscopic hydrostatic dystention of bladder (inc cystoscopy)
M4400
Urethral sphincterotomy (including cystoscopy)
M4410
Litholapaxy (including cystoscopy)
M4420
Endoscopic extraction of calculus of bladder (inc cystoscopy)
M4430
Endoscopic removal of foreign body from bladder (inc cystoscopy)
M4480
Resection of bladder neck (including cystoscopy)
M4910
Closure of cystostomy
M4712
Bladder instillation of pharmacologic agent (including cystoscopy)
M4714
Therapeutic injection into bladder wall (including cystoscopy)
M5300
Vaginal operations to support outlet of female bladder (including cystoscopy)
M5220
Retropubic suspension of neck of bladder (including colposuspension) (including cystoscopy)
M5250
Needle suspension of bladder neck (including cystoscopy)
M5580
Excision urethral caruncle
M5582
Diathermy of urethral caruncle
M5630
Therapeutic injection into bladder neck for treatment of stress incontinence (peri-urethral bulking agents) (including cystoscopy)
M5820
Dilatation of outlet of female bladder (with cystoscopy)
M6480
Operation to support outlet of male bladder (including sling procedures) (including cystoscopy)
M6530
Endoscopic resection of prostate (TUR) (including cystoscopy)
M6532
Holmium laser resection of prostate (HoLRP) (including cystoscopy)
M6580
Endoscopic biopsy of prostate (including cystoscopy)
M6620
Endoscopic incision of outlet of male bladder inc cystoscopy (endoscopy)
M6730
Drainagev of prostatic abscess
M6750
Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA)
M6880
Insertion of prostatic urethral lift implants
M7030
Limited/single core transrectal needle biopsy of prostate +/- ultrasound guidance
M7312
Repair of penile/perineal hypospadias
M7313
Repair of penile shaft hypospadias
M7314
Repair of distal hypospadias
M7320
Repair of epispadias
M7330
Closure of fistula of urethra
M7500
Excision of diverticulum of urethra (including cystoscopy)
M7590
Insertion of suburethral tape sling (eg TOT or TVT) +/- administation of local anaesthetic including cystoscopy
M7920
Dilatation of urethra
M7940
Internal Urethrotomy (inc cystoscopy)
M8120
Meatoplasty
M8130
External Meatotomy of uretheral orifice
N0500
Bilateral excision of testes
N0680
Orchidectomy and excision of spermatic cord (+/- insertion of prosthesis)
N0630
Laparoscopic orchidectomy
N0700
Excision of lesion of testis
N0820
Orchidopexy (bilat)
N0920
Orchidopexy (uni)
N1100
Correction of hydrocele(s) – unilateral
N1101
Correction of hydrocele(s) - bilateral
N1380
Bilateral fixation of testes
N1320
Fixation of testis
N1340
Biopsy of testis
N1350
Exploration of testis (inc biopsy)
N1510
Bilateral epididymectomy
N1520
Unilateral epididymectomy
N1580
Excision of epididymal cyst
N1900
Operation(s) on varicocele
N1910
Laparoscopic varicocelectomy
N2200
Operation(s) on seminal vesicle
XR220
Seminal vesicle injection
N2710
Excision of lesion of penis
N2740
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for Peyronies disease
N2781
Lue's procedure for Peyronie's disease
N2842
Frenuloplasty of penis
N3010
Preputioplasty
N3020
Division of preputial adhesions
N3030
Circumcision (adult or child)
N3031
Circumcision with Plastibell
N3210
Biopsy of lesion of penis
T4300
Laparoscopic adhesiolysis (inc biopsy)